SpaDeX Mission: India’s PSLV-C60 to Demonstrate Space Docking Capabilities Tonight

SpaDeX Mission: At a few milliseconds past 10 pm tonight, India will embark on a historic journey with the launch of its Space Docking Experiment (SpaDeX) mission. The PSLV-C60 rocket will carry two small spacecraft, each weighing approximately 220 kg, into a 470 km circular orbit.

This technology demonstration mission, spearheaded by ISRO, aims to establish India's capability to perform complex in-space docking maneuvers — a critical technology for future space exploration, including lunar missions and the proposed Bharatiya Antariksh Station (BAS).

Docking Maneuvers

The two spacecraft, SDX01 (Chaser) and SDX02 (Target), will execute a meticulously planned series of maneuvers, reducing their separation from 20 km to just a few meters.
Indigenous Technology Showcase:

Advanced docking mechanisms.
Rendezvous sensors and inter-satellite communication systems.
Secondary Objectives:

Power transfer experiments.
Scientific payload operations:
SDX01: Equipped with a high-resolution camera.
SDX02: Carries a multi-spectral payload and radiation monitor.

Significance of SpaDeX

The success of SpaDeX will place India in an elite group of nations capable of performing docking maneuvers, crucial for assembling space stations, refueling spacecraft, and advancing human spaceflight missions. The mission also highlights India's growing self-reliance in developing cutting-edge space technologies.

Additionally, the PSLV-C60 mission will host the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM), carrying 24 experimental payloads for scientific studies.

Challenges and Future Prospects

Docking small spacecraft requires exceptional precision and control. SpaDeX’s success will boost India’s preparations for ambitious future missions, including lunar exploration and building the BAS, cementing its place as a global space leader.